Digital image watermarking based on FPGA and spintronic logic and study of some aspects of spintronic logic based circuits.

Abstract

The growth of high speed computer networks and that of Internet, in particular has explored means of new business , scientific , entertainment and social opportunities .Digital media offer several advantages over analog media like high quality ,easy editing ,high fidelity copying . There are enormous chances of duplicating and distribution of digital information which has led to the need for effective copyright protection tools . DIGITAL WATERMARKING is a kind of protection tool in which a data is hidden in an image ,audio file or video file .Watermarking is either “visible” or ”invisible” . Albeit visible or invisible are visual terms watermarking is not limited to images , it can also be used to protect other types of multimedia object . This project work is on Spatial Domain Image Watermarking using FPGA and Spintronic logic and applications of single spin logic where the spin of electron is used in addition to its charge .For the application of spintronics MAGNETIC TUNNEL JUNCTIONS (MTJ) are used as a spintronic device and different logic and ALU operations are performed and are compared with the conventional electronic devices based operation . The spintronic devices have lots of advantages over the conventional devices like they are non-volatile ,they consume less power ,timing and area.