Theoretical and Experimental Studies on Pulse Tube Refrigerator

Abstract

The pulse tube refrigerator (PTR) is a cryocooler which is capable of reaching temperature of a few tens of Kelvin in a single stage and a few Kelvin in two stages. Unlike
ordinary refrigeration cycles which utilize the vapor compression cycle, a PTR implements the oscillatory compression and expansion of gas within a closed volume to achieve the desired refrigeration. Pulse tube refrigerator has the advantages of long–life operation, high reliability
and low vibration over the conventional cryocoolers, such as G-M and Stirling coolers because of the absence of moving parts at their low temperature end. Due to its associated advantages, pulse tube refrigerators have several applications such as cooling of infrared sensors, night vision equipments, SQUID, cryopumping etc.