Characterization of sewage and design of sewage
treatment plant

Abstract

The National Institute of Technology Rourkela is one of the most important educational institutes in the state of Orissa with a large number of people residing in its campus consisting of a number of laboratories of various
departments, residential units, academic blocks and number of hostels. A study on domestic waste water characterization has been performed followed by the design of sewage treatment plant. The present study involves the analysis of pH value, total solids, total suspended solids,hardness, acidity, alkalinity, chloride, chlorine, BOD, DO and heavy metals such as Iron, Copper, Zinc, Magnesium, Nickel, Chromium, Lead, Calcium, Aluminium, Silicon, Potassium.A sewage treatment plant is quite necessary to receive the domestic and commercial waste and removes the materials which pose harm for general public. Its objective is to produce an environmentally-safe fluid waste stream (or treated effluent) and a solid waste (or treated sludge) suitable for disposal or reuse (usually as farm fertilizer).The samplings of the domestic waste from hostels have been done in different times of the day to have an average data of the measured parameters. The average values of pH, Turbidity, Acidity, Chloride,Residual Chlorine, Hardness, Total Solid, BOD, DO, Alkalinity, Total Iron Content, Zinc Content, Potassium, Copper, Magnesium, Nickel,Chromium, Lead, Calcium, Aluminum and Silicon are found out.A sewage treatment plant has been designed with the treatment units, a bar screen of dimension 1.7m, an aeration tank of dimension 4.5 x 4.5 x 3.7 m3,a collection pit of diameter 4m and depth 5 m.