Design of rapid gravity filter using AUTOCAD and C programming

Abstract

The rapid rate gravity filter is commonly used in the treatment of surface water supplies. It consists of a structure to house the unit, the filter media, an under- rain system, a surface washer, and a waste disposal system. The filter area should be divided into at least two separate units to allow operational flexibility. Some form of pre-treatment of the raw water, such as sedimentation, is usually needed. In the filtering process, water flows onto the top of the filter media and is driven through it by gravity. In passing through the small spaces between the filter's grains, impurities are removed. The water continues its way through the support gravel, enters the under-drainage system, and then flows to the reservoir. It is the filter media, composed of sand or anthracite, which actually removes the particles from the water. The filter media is routinely cleaned by means of a backwashing process.