Multi Objective Optimization of Cutting and Geometric parameters in turning operation to Reduce Cutting forces and Surface Roughness

Abstract

Turning operation is one of the most important machining operations to be carried out in different industries for manufacturing of various products. As it is a basic operation for various industries it is very essential to optimize the various parameters affecting turning operation for the optimum operating condition. Turning operation is affected by both cutting parameters and geometrical parameters. The parameter influence most are cutting velocity, depth of cut , feed rate, geometry of cutting tool like principle cutting edge angle ,rake angle, nose radius etc. In order to control surface roughness and cutting force acting on material during turning operation it is very necessary to control these parameters as the product with desired attributes are function of these parameter. The objective of the project is obtain the optimum values of different cutting parameter like cutting speed , depth of cut, feed rate and principle cutting edge angle for the minimum cutting force and surface roughness. In the project turning operation of 304 SS as work piece is carried out with WC inserts as tool. The different values of cutting parameters, cutting speed (13.18, 20.724, 33.912 m/min), feed rate (0.105, 0.166, 0.25mm/rev), depth of cut (0.5, 0.6, 0.7mm) and principle cutting edge angle (78, 66, 62 degree) are selected. Different combinations of experiments are designed and conducted based on Taguchi’s L9 orthogonal array design. Grey relational coefficients are determined after normalizing the value of output responses for lower-the-better condition and after that grey relation grade is obtained. Grey relation grade value are converted in S/N ratio for larger-the-better condition in MINTAB 16 and based on the plot of S/N ratio in MINTAB 16 the optimal levels of the input parameters are identified. Confirmation test is conducted for the optimal level of input parameters to validate the experimental result.