Design and Fabrication of Vibrating Sample Magnetometer

Abstract

A simple Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM) has been designed, constructed and developed for the measurement of magnetization. The design was mainly was aimed at improving the sensitivity of the instrument so a large number of coil designs, from 2 coil cylinder system, 8 coil cube arrangement to 2 coil parallel system , relays were employed. The vibration unit comprised a normal stereo speaker of 4 ohms impedance which provided the necessary harmonic vibration. A laboratory electromagnet of field strength 0.25 Tesla is used to provide the magnetic field. The induced voltage signal is measured using a Lock In Amplifier (SR830) interfaced to the personal computer using Lab view. The temperature is monitored using Pt-100 temperature sensors by tabulating their resistance at different temperatures. The VSM is calibrated against a standard Nickel sample. The VSM has been used to study the magnetic properties of magnetic materials.