Bioprospecting Potential Probiotics from Human Gut Microbiome of Rourkela Population, Odisha

Abstract

Probiotics are live microorganisms known to be conferring health promoting effects on their hosts when consumed in sufficient amount. There are lots of sources are available for potent probiotic strain but strains isolated from human origin are more preferred because microorganisms isolated from human sources will have more adaptability to live in human gut than from non-human sources. Faecal material of a human being contains various excretory substances from gastrointestinal tract. This also includes the microorganisms from gut microbiota. As probiotics are important inhabitants of gut, hence there is a high chance of getting more and indigenous probiotic strains. Isolates used in this study are verified and identified by various biochemical, pre-determined probiotic properties and lastly by genotypic identification. Four best isolates were chosen and tested for various properties such as acid and bile tolerance, cell surface hydrophobicity, antimicrobial activity against food-borne pathogens, two additional properties i.e. cholesterol reduction and ACE inhibitory effects were also tested. In many tests our isolates showed best results than the L. casei Shirota of commercial fame. Molecular and genotypic identification through 16S rDNA sequencing confirmed that out of four isolates one is Lactobacillus plantarum and another one is Weisella confusa. In this it was observed that human faecal material is also a potent and successful source of probiotic strains.