Detection of Faults in the Tranmission Lines by Using 8051 Microcontroller

Abstract

Electricity has become the most sought after amenity for all of us. Gone are the days when electricity would be only limited to cities. It is now reaching to every distant parts of the world. So we have now a complex network of power system. This power is being carried by the transmission lines. These lines travel very long distances so while carrying power, fault occurring is natural. These faults damages many vital electrical equipments like transformer, generator, transmission lines. For the uninterrupted power supply we need to prevent these faults as much as possible. So we need to detect faults within the shortest possible time. Microprocessors and microcontroller based systems used for these fault detection have been advancing rapidly. The proposed paper simulates Numerical Overcurrent relay that detects faults using microcontroller and ADC. These relays are more reliable and have faster response than the traditional electromechanical relays and Static relays. They have increased range of setting, high accuracy, reduced size, and lower costs, along with many other functions, such as fault event recording, auto-resetting, etc. This project is about designing the Numerical relay where the fault is detected when the input value exceeds the reference value set in the relay which then gives the trip signal to the circuit breaker