Channel Modelling for Underwater wireless Communication System

Abstract

Now a days, underwater wireless communication is getting lot of popularity. Few years before it was related only to military and defense applications. But now it is used in commercial field also. Design of Underwater wireless communication is very difficult as behavior of water is completely different than air. We have to take lot of parameters into consideration at the time of design. Also, the losses and noise are comparatively very high in underwater than that of in air. Hence long distance communication is practically very difficult to design. The Electromagnetic waves (EM), Magnetic Induction (MI), Optical waves or acoustic waves are the choices for underwater wireless communication systems. Out of these, acoustics are proven to be best underwater although they are limited with bandwidth due to thermal noise. But still acoustics provide communication at large distance comparing to other due to its special property of low attenuation of sound underwater. The currently favorable technology for underwater communication is upon acoustics. In this thesis we present the parameters of acoustic channel, characteristics of acoustics, its mathematics and analysis. Also, we take a look at modulation technique that can be used in transmitter and receiver.