Investigation of Some Image and Video Coding Techniques

Abstract

Image compression refers to the process of reducing the quantity of data used to represent digital images, and is a combination of spatial image compression and temporal motion compensation. Spatial image compression is done by exploiting the spatial redundancy. Temporal motion compensation is done by exploiting the correlation of the pixels in the nearby frame. Images require substantial storage and transmission resources, thus image compression is advantageous to reduce these requirements. The report covers some background of wavelet analysis, data compression and how wavelets have been and can be used for image compression and some of the block matching techniques for motion estimation. In this thesis, investigations have been made to understand the actual mechanism of compression of still images and applying the principle to the video
frames. Initially image compression is analyzed using wavelet transform and then it is implemented. In later stages motion estimation techniques are analyzed so as
to achieve compression by exploiting the temporal redundancy. Six algorithms for motion estimation are analyzed and compared with each other through their
results.